$$
% create the definition symbol
\def\bydef{\stackrel{\Delta}{=}}
%\def\circconv{\otimes}
\def\circconv{\circledast}
\newcommand{\qed}{\mbox{ } \Box}
\newcommand{\infint}{\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}}
% z transform
\newcommand{\ztp}{ ~~ \mathop{\mathcal{Z}}\limits_{\longleftrightarrow} ~~ }
\newcommand{\iztp}{ ~~ \mathop{\mathcal{Z}^{-1}}\limits_{\longleftrightarrow} ~~ }
% fourier transform pair
\newcommand{\ftp}{ ~~ \mathop{\mathcal{F}}\limits_{\longleftrightarrow} ~~ }
\newcommand{\iftp}{ ~~ \mathop{\mathcal{F}^{-1}}\limits_{\longleftrightarrow} ~~ }
% laplace transform
\newcommand{\ltp}{ ~~ \mathop{\mathcal{L}}\limits_{\longleftrightarrow} ~~ }
\newcommand{\iltp}{ ~~ \mathop{\mathcal{L}^{-1}}\limits_{\longleftrightarrow} ~~ }
\newcommand{\ftrans}[1]{ \mathcal{F} \left\{#1\right\} }
\newcommand{\iftrans}[1]{ \mathcal{F}^{-1} \left\{#1\right\} }
\newcommand{\ztrans}[1]{ \mathcal{Z} \left\{#1\right\} }
\newcommand{\iztrans}[1]{ \mathcal{Z}^{-1} \left\{#1\right\} }
\newcommand{\ltrans}[1]{ \mathcal{L} \left\{#1\right\} }
\newcommand{\iltrans}[1]{ \mathcal{L}^{-1} \left\{#1\right\} }
% coordinate vector relative to a basis (linear algebra)
\newcommand{\cvrb}[2]{\left[ \vec{#1} \right]_{#2} }
% change of coordinate matrix (linear algebra)
\newcommand{\cocm}[2]{ \mathop{P}\limits_{#2 \leftarrow #1} }
% Transformed vector set
\newcommand{\tset}[3]{\{#1\lr{\vec{#2}_1}, #1\lr{\vec{#2}_2}, \dots, #1\lr{\vec{#2}_{#3}}\}}
% sum transformed vector set
\newcommand{\tsetcsum}[4]{{#1}_1#2(\vec{#3}_1) + {#1}_2#2(\vec{#3}_2) + \cdots + {#1}_{#4}#2(\vec{#3}_{#4})}
\newcommand{\tsetcsumall}[4]{#2\lr{{#1}_1\vec{#3}_1 + {#1}_2\vec{#3}_2 + \cdots + {#1}_{#4}\vec{#3}_{#4}}}
\newcommand{\cvecsum}[3]{{#1}_1\vec{#2}_1 + {#1}_2\vec{#2}_2 + \cdots + {#1}_{#3}\vec{#2}_{#3}}
% function def
\newcommand{\fndef}[3]{#1:#2 \to #3}
% vector set
\newcommand{\vset}[2]{\{\vec{#1}_1, \vec{#1}_2, \dots, \vec{#1}_{#2}\}}
% absolute value
\newcommand{\abs}[1]{\left| #1 \right|}
% vector norm
\newcommand{\norm}[1]{\left|\left| #1 \right|\right|}
% trans
\newcommand{\trans}{\mapsto}
% evaluate integral
\newcommand{\evalint}[3]{\left. #1 \right|_{#2}^{#3}}
% slist
\newcommand{\slist}[2]{{#1}_{1},{#1}_{2},\dots,{#1}_{#2}}
% vectors
\newcommand{\vc}[1]{\textbf{#1}}
% real
\newcommand{\Real}[1]{{\Re \mit{e}\left\{{#1}\right\}}}
% imaginary
\newcommand{\Imag}[1]{{\Im \mit{m}\left\{{#1}\right\}}}
\newcommand{\mcal}[1]{\mathcal{#1}}
\newcommand{\bb}[1]{\mathbb{#1}}
\newcommand{\N}{\mathbb{N}}
\newcommand{\Z}{\mathbb{Z}}
\newcommand{\Q}{\mathbb{Q}}
\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\C}{\mathbb{C}}
\newcommand{\I}{\mathbb{I}}
\newcommand{\Th}[1]{\mathop\mathrm{Th(#1)}}
\newcommand{\intersect}{\cap}
\newcommand{\union}{\cup}
\newcommand{\intersectop}{\bigcap}
\newcommand{\unionop}{\bigcup}
\newcommand{\setdiff}{\backslash}
\newcommand{\iso}{\cong}
\newcommand{\aut}[1]{\mathop{\mathrm{Aut(#1)}}}
\newcommand{\inn}[1]{\mathop{\mathrm{Inn(#1)}}}
\newcommand{\Ann}[1]{\mathop{\mathrm{Ann(#1)}}}
\newcommand{\dom}[1]{\mathop{\mathrm{dom} #1}}
\newcommand{\cod}[1]{\mathop{\mathrm{cod} #1}}
\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}
\newcommand{\st}{\ |\ }
\newcommand{\mbf}[1]{\mathbf{#1}}
\newcommand{\enclose}[1]{\left\langle #1\right\rangle}
\newcommand{\lr}[1]{\left( #1\right)}
\newcommand{\lrsq}[1]{\left[ #1\right]}
\newcommand{\op}{\mathrm{op}}
\newcommand{\dotarr}{\dot{\rightarrow}}
%Category Names:
\newcommand{\Grp}{\mathbf{Grp}}
\newcommand{\Ab}{\mathbf{Ab}}
\newcommand{\Set}{\mathbf{Set}}
\newcommand{\Matr}{\mathbf{Matr}}
\newcommand{\IntDom}{\mathbf{IntDom}}
\newcommand{\Field}{\mathbf{Field}}
\newcommand{\Vect}{\mathbf{Vect}}
\newcommand{\thm}[1]{\begin{theorem} #1 \end{theorem}}
\newcommand{\clm}[1]{\begin{claim} #1 \end{claim}}
\newcommand{\cor}[1]{\begin{corollary} #1 \end{corollary}}
\newcommand{\ex}[1]{\begin{example} #1 \end{example}}
\newcommand{\prf}[1]{\begin{proof} #1 \end{proof}}
\newcommand{\prbm}[1]{\begin{problem} #1 \end{problem}}
\newcommand{\soln}[1]{\begin{solution} #1 \end{solution}}
\newcommand{\rmk}[1]{\begin{remark} #1 \end{remark}}
\newcommand{\defn}[1]{\begin{definition} #1 \end{definition}}
\newcommand{\ifff}{\LeftRightArrow}
<!-- For the set of reals and integers -->
\newcommand{\rr}{\R}
\newcommand{\reals}{\R}
\newcommand{\ii}{\Z}
\newcommand{\cc}{\C}
\newcommand{\nn}{\N}
\newcommand{\nats}{\N}
<!-- For terms being indexed.
Puts them in standard font face and creates an index entry.
arg: The term being defined.
\newcommand{\pointer}[1]{#1\index{#1}} -->
<!-- For bold terms to be index, but defined elsewhere
Puts them in bold face and creates an index entry.
arg: The term being defined. -->
\newcommand{\strong}[1]{\textbf{#1}}
<!-- For set names.
Puts them in italics. In math mode, yields decent spacing.
arg: The name of the set. -->
\newcommand{\set}[1]{\textit{#1}}
$$
@article{compare,
abstract = {{This study compared learning for fifth grade students in two math homework conditions. The paper-and-pencil condition represented traditional homework, with review of problems in class the following day. The Web-based homework condition provided immediate feedback in the form of hints on demand and step-by-step scaffolding. We analyzed the results for students who completed both the paper-and-pencil and the Web-based conditions. In this group of 28 students, students learned significantly more when given computer feedback than when doing traditional paper-and-pencil homework, with an effect size of 0.61. The implications of this study are that, given the large effect size, it may be worth the cost and effort to give Web-based homework when students have access to the needed equipment, such as in schools that have implemented one-to-one computing programs. (Contains 3 figures and 3 tables.)}},
author = {Mendicino, Michael and Razzaq, Leena and Heffernan, Neil T.},
day = {0},
journal = {Journal of Research on Technology in Education},
month = {},
number = {3},
pages = {331--359},
priority = {2},
publisher = {International Society for Technology in Education},
title = {{A Comparison of Traditional Homework to Computer-Supported Homework}},
url = {http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ835243},
volume = {41},
year = {2009}
}